What if the child who struggles to fit in is actually wired to stand out? Neurodiversity refers to the natural differences in how children’s brains think, learn and process information. Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Dyslexia and Dyspraxia are just some examples of neurodiverse conditions. Neurodiverse learners may not struggle due to ability, but struggle because teaching methods may not always match how they learn best. Neurodiversity reminds us that different brains do not mean deficits, they mean possibilities.
Why does it matter?
Understanding neurodiversity helps us teach the child, not just the curriculum. Understanding neurodiversity helps adults respond more effectively thus creating better support for learners. When children are understood, they build confidence, self-esteem, motivation and feel valued. Understanding neurodiversity improves teaching methods and parenting strategies as small adjustments in routine, visuals, movement and flexibility can have impact on engagement and success. Strengths become unlocked when adults identify and acknowledge the differences in which neurodiverse children show creativity, problem-solving, persistance and unique ways of thinking. Most of us as adults manage a combination of neurotypical and neurodiverse children, compelling us to learn how to create inclusive environments where all types of children can function and thrive.
When does it develop?
Neurodiversity is present from early in brain development, however, we may only be able to recognise it later as children grow and learn. Differences linked to neurodiversity begins during pregnancy as the brain develops, influenced by genetics and early brain wiring. You may see signs such as social and communication differences, sensory sensitivities, and repetitive behaviours in infancy, toddler years, or even later in preschool or early formal school years.
What can ECD Practitioners and Parents do?
- Instead of seeing differences as problems, think of them as normal variations of the human brain
- Empower your knowledge and practical base on neurodiverse conditions
- Empower your knowledge and practical base on different learning styles of children
- Create inclusive learning environments- adapt the environment, not the child
- Create predictable routines to reduce anxiety and improve focus
- Use flexible teaching strategies such as breaking up tasks into smaller steps; using visuals, hands-on activities and movement; and offer choices in how children complete tasks
- Support communication by giving extra time to respond, use simple language, and include visual support when needed
- Work as a team to support the child’s progress- parents, teachers and specialists should share insights and strategies
SOME TERMS:
Neurotypical- brains that develop and function in expected ways
Neurodiverse- brains that work differently
